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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticular disease. When palpating the client's abdomen, in which of the following locations should the nurse expect the client to report abdominal pain?
      A)Lower right quadrant
      B)Lower left quadrant
      C)Upper left quadrant
      D)Upper right quadrant
    2. A nurse is planning care for a client who has viral hepatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
      A)Encourage eating three large meals daily.
      B)Provide a high carbohydrate diet.
      C)Include high protein snacks.
      D)Administer acetaminophen for pain.
    3. A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of 7/min. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? pH 7.22 PaCO2 68 mm Hg Base excess-2 PaO2 78 mm Hg Saturation 80% Bicarbonate 26 mEq/L
      A)Metabolic acidosis
      B)Respiratory alkalosis
      C)Respiratory acidosis
      D)Metabolic alkalosis
    4. A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction of the common bile duct resulting from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Straw-colored urine
      B)Tenderness in the left upper abdomen
      C)Fatty stools
      D)Ecchymosis of the extremities
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    Exam Review

    1. What is a likely finding in the nurse's assessment of a patient who has a large bowel obstruction?
      A)Projectile vomiting
      B)Abdominal distention
      C)Metabolic alkalosis
      D)Referred back pain
    2. Which type of enema is typically used to relieve constipation by instilling and retaining fluid for a short period before expelling?
      A)Lactulose Enema
      B)Fleet Enema
      C)Tap water enema
      D)Mineral Enema
    3. Which of the following are contraindications for administering a tap water enerna? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)Electrolyte imbalance risk
      B)Acute appendicitis
      C)Severe dehydration
      D)Regular use of laxatives
      E)History of bowel surgery
      F)Normal bowel function
      G)Increased fluid intake
    4. A nurse is teaching a client about causes of biliary cirrhosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Hepatotoxic medications
      B)Excessive alcohol consumption
      C)Obstruction of the bile duct
      D)Hepatitis C
    Page 2 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A patient who has chronic constipation asks the nurse about the use of psyllium (Metamucil). Which information will the nurse include in the response?
      A)Dietary sources of fiber should be eliminated to prevent excessive gas formation.
      B)Use of this type of laxative to prevent constipation does not cause adverse effects.
      C)Fiber-containing laxatives may reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
      D)Large amounts of fluid should be taken to prevent impaction or bowel obstruction.
    2. A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?
      A)Hematemesis
      B)Dyspepsia
      C)Epigastric discomfort
      D)Constipation
    3. A nurse on the day shift is preparing to change a client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution, but the new TPN solution has not arrived from the pharmacy. The client receives additional IV fat emulsion during the night shift. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)Saline lock the IV catheter after discontinuing the TPN solution.
      B)Hang the IV fat emulsion solution.
      C)Call the provider for new TPN orders.
      D)Hang dextrose 10% in water (D:W) until the TPN solution is delivered.
    4. A nurse is admitting a client who was prescribed antibiotic therapy and now has a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)Disinfect equipment in the client's room daily.
      B)Use alcohol hand sanitizer after completing tasks for the client.
      C)Place the client in a protective environment.
      D)Have the client wear a mask when out of the room.
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is teaching a client who has a hiatal hernia about dietary recommendations. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)"I will try not to gain weight."
      B)"I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated."
      C)"I will drink less fluid."
      D)"I will be down for one half hour after meals."
      E)"I will consume less caffeine and fewer spicy foods."
    2. What is the primary cause of refeeding syndrome in TPN patients?
      A)High fat content in the diet
      B)Rapid reintroduction of carbohydrates
      C)Excess protein intake
      D)Vitamin deficiency
    3. A nurse admits a client to the emergency department who reports nausea and vomiting that worsens when he lies down. Antacids do not help. The provider suspects acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory test results should the nurse expect to see?
      A)Increased serum calcium
      B)Decreased serum lipase
      C)Decreased WBC
      D)Increased serum amylase
    4. A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription of a nasogastric tube (NG) to treat a pyloric obstruction. Which of the following rationales for the use of the nasogastric tube should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Decompress the stomach.
      B)Administer medications.
      C)Supply nutrients via tube feedings.
      D)Determine the pH of the gastric secretions.
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    Exam Review

    1. Which dietary advancement should be made first after the return of bowel sounds postoperatively?
      A)Clear liquids
      B)Soft diet
      C)Regular diet
      D)Full liquid diet
    2. A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
      A)"After you have signed the consent form, we can talk more about this."
      B)"Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that will make you sleepy."
      C)"I know you're anxious, but this procedure is recommended for people your age."
      D)"Don't worry, most clients dislike the prep more than the procedure itself."
    3. A nurse is caring for a client on a pediatric unit. Exhibits Select the effective interventions for managing diarrhea in children(SATA)
      A)Clear liquid diet
      B)Hydration therapy
      C)Low-fiber diet
      D)Electrolyte replacement
      E)Opioid analgesics
      F)Antibiotic administration
    4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following values?
      A)RBC count
      B)Amylase
      C)Calcium
      D)Magnesium
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