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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assisting with a presentation about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia?
      A)Furosemide
      B)Spironolactone
      C)Hydrochlorothiazide
      D)Bumetadine
    2. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who was recently diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)"Consume a low-residue diet."
      B)"Begin exercising twice per week."
      C)"Weigh yourself every 2 days."
      D)"Limit sodium intake to 3.5 g daily."
    3. A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client who has asthma and is about to start using tiotropium. Which of the following side effects should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Dry oral mucous membranes
      B)White coating in the mouth
      C)Tremors
      D)Nausea
    4. A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who reports dyspnea and fatigue. The nurse determines that the client also has tachycardia and edema. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?
      A)Heart failure
      B)Asthma
      C)COPD
      D)Pneumonia
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data from an older adult who is postoperative and receiving IV therapy at 125 mL/hr. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume overload? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Complaints of incisional pain
      B)Crackles in bilateral bases of lungs
      C)Distention of neck veins when supine
      D)Weight loss
      E)Swelling at the IV site
    2. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)PaO2 95 mm Hg
      B)PaCO2 32 mm Hg
      C)PaCO2 54 mm Hg
      D)PaO2 85 mm Hg
    3. A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who has heart failure. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication and report to the provider?
      A)Serum potassium 4.8 mEq/L
      B)Urine output 35 mL/hr
      C)Heart rate 66/min
      D)Report of blurred vision
    4. A nurse is evaluating the 24-hr 1&O record of a client diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following indicates an expected fluid response after receiving a diuretic?
      A)Intake 1.200 mL, output 700 mL
      B)Intake 2.000 mL output 500 mL
      C)Intake 2.000 mL output 2.700 mL
      D)Intake 800 mL output 800 mL
    Page 2 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Shortness of breath while lying down
      B)Right upper quadrant pain
      C)Jugular venous distention
      D)Pitting edema of the lower legs
    2. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching on actions that improve gas exchange to a client diagnosed with emphysema. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching?
      A)Limit fluid intake throughout the day.
      B)Consume a low-protein diet.
      C)Rest in a supine position.
      D)Breathe in through her nose and out through pursed lips.
    3. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)(SATA)
      A)Hypotension
      B)Bradycardia
      C)Dyspnea
      D)Barrel chest
      E)Clubbing of the fingers
    4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is going to take an expectorant to manage a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication treats coughs by which of the following mechanisms?
      A)Reduces inflammation
      B)Dries mucous membranes
      C)Stimulates secretions
      D)Suppresses the urge to cough
    Page 3 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about the manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Warm, dry skin
      B)Vomiting
      C)Tachycardia
      D)Difficulty swallowing
    2. A nurse is collecting data about a client's cardiac functioning. The nurse auscultates an S3 sound. Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect?
      A)Closing of semilunar valves
      B)Ventricular gallop
      C)Atrial gallop
      D)Closing of the atrioventricular valves
    3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who is starting to use a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)Cover exhalation slots of the spacer with lips when inhaling.
      B)The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the oropharynx.
      C)The spacer decreases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs.
      D)Inhale slowly when using the spacer with the MDI.
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a cardiac arrest. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
      A)Auscultate for breath sounds.
      B)Establish IV access.
      C)Feel for a carotid pulse.
      D)Establish an open airway.
    Page 4 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following risk factors is associated with a client having a higher risk of experiencing status asthmaticus?
      A)Previous stroke
      B)Bronchial pneumonia
      C)Irritants and hypersensitivity to medications
      D)Previous intubation due to status asthmaticus episode
    2. A nurse in an urgent care center is caring for a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. The nurse notes an SpO2 of 91%, audible wheezing, and use of accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
      A)Salmeterol
      B)Third-generation cephalosporin
      C)Expectorant
      D)Administer a short-acting beta-adrenergic medication
    3. A nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and signs of cyanosis. Which of the following is a reliable indicator of cyanosis?
      A)Tip of the nose
      B)Ear lobes
      C)Forearms
      D)Nail beds
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client's family has requested to bring in some of the client's favorite foods. Which of the following food items should the nurse recommend the family members to omit?
      A)Italian bread
      B)Boiled rice
      C)Broiled salmon fillet
      D)Ham and cheese sandwich
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