Exam Review
- A 69-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for hypertension. Which of the following lifestyle changes should the nurse recommend to enhance the effectiveness of the medication?A)Increase dietary potassium intakeB)Engage in high-intensity exercise dailyC)Consume a high-sodium dietD)Limit fluid intake to 500 mL per day
- The nurse is explaining to a patient how ACE inhibitors affect blood pressure. Which statement accurately describes the action of this class of medication?A)They lower the heart rate so the heart can pump more effectivelyB)They inhibit vasoconstrictionC)They increase peripheral resistanceD)They promote sodium retention
- A nurse is collecting data from a client who has peripheral venous disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of peripheral venous disease?A)Shiny appearance to the lower extremitiesB)Swollen and enlarged veinsC)Diminished hair growth on the lower extremitiesD)Loss of pigmentation over the shin area
- The nurse is caring for a patient with Raynaud’s disease who is employed as a construction worker, has a history of hypertension, and smokes one-half to one pack per day. Which teaching points should the nurse include in the patient’s discharge teaching? (Select all that apply)(SATA)A)Wear gloves when handling hot objects at workB)Wear insulated socks when working in cold weatherC)Attend a smoking cessation support groupD)Drink four to six caffeinated beverages daily to promote vasodilationE)Wear gloves during cold weather
Exam Review
- A client is prescribed niacin for the treatment of high cholesterol. Which of the following side effects should the nurse include in the client education?A)HeadacheB)Elevated heart rateC)FlushingD)Black, tarry appearing stools
- A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?A)Encouraging increased mobilityB)Dietary and fluid restrictionsC)Cessation of intravenous drug useD)Cessation of hormonal supplements
- A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?A)I will not go barefootB)I will wear stockings with elastic topsC)I will use a thermometer to check the temperature of my bath waterD)I will avoid crossing my legs at the knees
- The term heart healthy includes a diet of lean meat, vegetables, low sodium, and a cholesterol level of which of the following?A)Less than 200 mg/dLB)200–239 mg/dLC)Greater than 200 mg/dLD)240–259 mg/dL
Exam Review
- A nurse in an outpatient clinic is collecting data from a client who reports pain in the legs when walking, but the pain stops when stopping walking. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?A)Calcium deficiencyB)Peripheral vascular problems in both legsC)An acute obstruction in the vessels of the legsD)Diabetes mellitus
- Which dietary recommendation aligns with the DASH diet for Mr. Carter?A)Limit sodium to 2300 mg/day or lessB)Increase red meat intakeC)Consume full-fat dairy productsD)Avoid all carbohydrates
- What is the primary cause of Buerger’s disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans?A)Atherosclerosis due to high cholesterol levelsB)Female predispositionC)Smoking tobaccoD)Immune response leading to thromboembolism
- A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?A)Incorporate walking into your daily routineB)Wear knee-length stockingsC)Shop for new shoes during the morning hoursD)Elevate your legs while in bed
Exam Review
- A nurse is collecting data on a client who has peripheral artery disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as requiring immediate intervention?A)Presence of an open wound near the ankle with serous drainage and pruritusB)Pain, pallor, and paresthesia in the footC)Lower extremities edematous with decreased pulses and cool to the touchD)Murmur auscultated at the left 5th midclavicular line, slight dyspnea, and lower extremity edema
- What is the primary goal of initiating antihypertensive therapy in Mr. Carter?A)Increase blood pressure to normal levelsB)Reduce the risk of cardiovascular complicationsC)Cure hypertension permanentlyD)Eliminate the need for lifestyle changes
- A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS, bleeding profusely from a wound on the left lower extremity. A medical alert necklace indicates he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication to counteract the action of heparin?A)Calcium gluconateB)Protamine sulfateC)EnoxaparinD)Vitamin K
- A nurse is caring for a client who develops a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following interventions is the priority for the nurse to take?A)Begin oxygen therapyB)Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer’sC)Administer IV morphineD)Initiate cardiac monitoring
Exam Review
- A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has peripheral venous disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply)(SATA)A)Limit intake of carbohydratesB)ExerciseC)Elevation of legsD)Thromboembolic compression stockingsE)Increased intake of hot caffeinated beverages
- A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of clients about risk factors for developing peripheral artery disease. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?A)Chronic pulmonary diseaseB)Body mass index of 35C)Rheumatic feverD)History of venous thrombosis
- The client, who is a 15-pack-year cigarette smoker, has painful fingers and toes and is diagnosed with Buerger’s disease. Which measure to prevent disease progression should be the nurse’s initial focus when teaching the client?A)Avoid exposure to cold temperaturesB)Maintain meticulous hygieneC)Follow a low-saturated fat dietD)Abstain from all tobacco products
- What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for an infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus to prevent complications?A)Administer diuretics to manage fluid overloadB)Monitor respiratory status closely and administer oxygen as neededC)Encourage frequent feedings to promote weight gainD)Perform chest physiotherapy to enhance lung expansion