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    Exam Review

    1. At the first meeting of a group at a daycare center for older adults, the nurse asks one of the members what kinds of things the client would like to do with the group. The older adult shrugs and says, "You tell me. You're the leader." What would be the best response for the nurse to make?
      A)Yes, I have been assigned to lead this group. I will be here for the next 6 weeks.
      B)Yes, I am the leader. You seem angry about not being the leader yourself.
      C)Yes, I am the leader today. Would you like to be the leader tomorrow?
      D)Yes, I will be leading this group. What would you like to accomplish?
    2. A 28-year-old client with a diagnosis of Avoidant Personality Disorder tells the nurse, "I want to make friends. I'm too afraid they'll laugh at me or think I'm weak." Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to help this client begin developing healthier interpersonal relationships?
      A)Encourage the client to explore childhood experiences that may have caused these fears.
      B)Reassure the client that everyone feels insecure sometimes and they are overthinking the situation.
      C)Advise the client to start attending large events to desensitize themselves to rejection.
      D)Assist the client in identifying and challenging negative self-beliefs through gradual social exposure.
    3. A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with panic disorder. The provider has prescribed pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following medications are commonly used in the treatment of panic disorder? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Propranolol
      B)Clonidine
      C)Alprazolam
      D)Buspirone
      E)Clonazepam
    4. A 32-year-old male client with a history of arrests and substance use is admitted to the psychiatric unit for court-mandated evaluation. During the assessment, he is superficially charming, manipulates staff to get privileges, violates unit rules without remorse, and blames others for his behavior. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate for managing this client?
      A)Provide consistent structured rules and set firm limits on behavior.
      B)Use sympathy and reassurance to reduce the client’s resistance to authority.
      C)Allow the client flexibility in decision-making to encourage independence and self-direction.
      D)Develop a close, personal rapport with the client to build trust and encourage emotional expression.
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    Exam Review

    1. A client is on trial for a violent offense and the defense claims the client was legally insane at the time of the act. According to the M'Naghten Rule, which criterion must be met for the insanity defense to be valid?
      A)The client was unable to distinguish right from wrong due to a mental disorder at the time of the crime.
      B)The client had a documented history of mental illness prior to the crime.
      C)The client was compelled by uncontrollable impulses to commit the act.
      D)The client was unaware of the consequences of their actions due to intoxication.
    2. A patient with a tumor compressing the hypothalamus presents with fluctuating body temperature, excessive thirst, frequent urination, and disrupted sleep-wake cycles. Which of the following best explains the role of the hypothalamus related to these symptoms?
      A)Stores long-term memories and emotional responses.
      B)Controls voluntary muscle movements and reflexes.
      C)Processes sensory input from the environment and initiates motor responses.
      D)Regulates homeostasis.
    3. In psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious mind plays a significant role in influencing behavior and mental health. Which statement best describes the function of the unconscious mind in this context?
      A)It stores repressed thoughts, feelings, and desires that influence behavior without awareness.
      B)It contains all memories and thoughts that are actively in conscious awareness.
      C)It refers to the client’s immediate awareness of sensory input and decision-making processes.
      D)It is the part of the brain responsible for voluntary motor control and coordination.
    4. A 52-year-old male with a long history of alcohol use disorder is admitted to the hospital and begins showing signs of Delirium Tremens, including agitation, tremors, tachycardia, and hallucinations. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to manage these symptoms?
      A)Haloperidol
      B)Lorazepam
      C)Naltrexone
      D)Disulfiram
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who states, "I have no interest in sexual activity or finding a partner." The nurse should identify that this statement is consistent with which of the following personality disorders?
      A)Schizotypal disorder
      B)Paranoid personality disorder
      C)Antisocial personality disorder
      D)Schizoid disorder
    2. A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who is exhibiting positive symptoms. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Social withdrawal
      B)Delusional thinking
      C)Bizarre or disorganized behavior
      D)Flat affect
      E)Auditory hallucinations
    3. A nurse observes a hospitalized client grabbing snacks from other patients' trays, despite being told not to. When confronted, the client says, "I was hungry, so I took it." Based on Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which part of the personality is most likely influencing the client's behavior?
      A)Id
      B)Ego
      C)Superego
      D)Conscious mind
    4. A 28-year-old client with schizophrenia is pacing the hallway, appearing frightened and mumbling to themselves. When approached, the client states, "The voices are telling me the staff is trying to poison me." Based on this presentation, which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate?
      A)"I don’t hear the voices, but I understand they're real to you."
      B)Engage in distraction by challenging the client’s beliefs with logical reasoning.
      C)Avoid approaching the client to prevent reinforcing the hallucination.
      D)"There are no voices. What you’re hearing isn’t real."
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    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following best describes the primary function of the parietal lobe of the brain?
      A)Processing auditory information and language comprehension
      B)Integrating sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain
      C)Coordinating voluntary muscle movements and balance
      D)Regulating emotions and forming memories
    2. A nurse practicing Peplau’s Relations Theory is working with a newly admitted client who is withdrawn and reluctant to engage. According to Peplau’s working model, which nurse action best explains the orientation phase of the nurse-client relationship?
      A)Focusing solely on medication administration to stabilize symptoms before building rapport.
      B)Encouraging the client to express feelings freely without providing guidance.
      C)Maintaining professional distance to avoid fostering dependency.
      D)Establishing trust through consistent, honest communication and clarifying the client’s expectations.
    3. A client recently diagnosed with cancer continues to miss follow-up appointments and states, "The doctors must have made a mistake—there’s no way I’m that sick." According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which defense mechanism is the client most likely using?
      A)Rationalization
      B)Regression
      C)Denial
      D)Projection
    4. A 6-year-old child is showing behaviors such as excessive handwashing and reluctance to use the bathroom independently. According to Freud’s psychosexual theory, fixation at which stage is most likely contributing to these behaviors?
      A)Phallic stage
      B)Oral stage
      C)Latency stage
      D)Anal stage
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    Exam Review

    1. A client with a history of major depressive disorder with psychotic features was rescued before jumping off a dam. The client is pacing, picking at the arms, and repeatedly mumbling, "I have to die. You cannot stop me." When the health care provider recommends electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as the initial treatment, the client’s spouse says to the nurse, "I can’t allow such a cruel treatment. Why can’t they just give my spouse medication?" Which is the best response by the nurse?
      A)"Your spouse could die by not receiving this treatment."
      B)"ECT is safe and your spouse will not feel anything."
      C)"It could take up to 3 weeks for medication to become effective."
      D)"Your spouse is very ill and ECT might be the best treatment at this time. What are your concerns about ECT?"
    2. A client receiving a first-generation antipsychotic develops symptoms of acute dystonia, including muscle spasms and neck stiffness. Which type of medication should the nurse anticipate administering to manage these side effects?
      A)Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
      B)Beta-blockers
      C)Diphenhydramine
      D)Benzodiazepines
    3. A client charged with assault pleads not guilty by reason of insanity under the Durham Rule. Which statement best reflects the criteria used in this legal standard?
      A)The client’s criminal act is excused due to a mental defect.
      B)The client’s behavior was driven by irresistible impulses beyond their control.
      C)The client must prove they were unable to appreciate the wrongfulness of their act.
      D)The client was influenced by temporary intoxication or delirium.
    4. A 40-year-old male patient diagnosed with Schizoid Personality Disorder has been admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. He consistently avoids group therapy, speaks minimally with staff, and prefers solitary activities. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to support this patient’s care plan?
      A)Assign the patient as a leader in a small group activity to build confidence and self-esteem.
      B)Confront the patient about his avoidance behaviors and insist on more social interaction with peers.
      C)Provide structured one-on-one interactions that respect the patient’s need for limited emotional engagement.
      D)Encourage daily participation in group therapy to improve social skills and reduce isolation.
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