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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) who came in with a blood glucose of 790 mg/dL. The DKA treatment protocol has been implemented for at least 6 hours. The most recent finger stick blood glucose is 190 mg/dL. Which of the following nursing interventions will the nurse anticipate to do next?
      A)Continue current isotonic fluids intravenously
      B)Discontinue insulin infusion
      C)Monitor blood glucose every 4 hours
      D)Start dextrose 5% solution intravenously
    2. A nurse admits a client to the emergency department who reports nausea and vomiting that worsens when he lies down. Antacids do not help. The provider suspects acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory test results should the nurse expect to see?
      A)Decreased WBC
      B)Increased serum amylase
      C)Decreased serum lipase
      D)Increased serum calcium
    3. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a complication of this therapy?
      A)Diarrhea
      B)Aspiration
      C)Stomatitis
      D)Hyperglycemia
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute pancreatitis. After treating the client’s pain, which of the following should the nurse address as the priority intervention?
      A)Provide oral hygiene
      B)Assist the client to a semi-prone position
      C)Withhold oral fluids and food
      D)Document pain assessment on client’s chart
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 125 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
      A)Administer antidiuretic hormone desmopressin (DDAVP)
      B)Maintain an IV infusion of 5% dextrose water
      C)Initiate fluid restriction of 1,000 mL per day
      D)Provide a low sodium diet for all meals
    2. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Moist mucous membranes
      B)Urine specific gravity 1.000
      C)Bradycardia
      D)Bounding peripheral pulses
    3. A nurse is caring for a client on an insulin drip for their diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The provider ordered 0.1 unit/kg/hr. The client’s weight is 88 lbs. How many units of insulin will the nurse program the pump to infuse per hour? Round to the nearest tenth.
    4. A nurse is reviewing their client’s lab results. Their client is being treated for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Which of the following arterial blood gas values will the client exhibit?
      A)PaCO2 31
      B)HCO3 15
      C)pH 7.39
      D)pH 7.27
    Page 2 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has viral hepatitis manifesting symptoms of fever, malaise, and diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
      A)Encourage a high carbohydrate diet
      B)Include only high protein snacks
      C)Administer acetaminophen for pain
      D)Encourage eating three large meals daily
    2. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
      A)Administer a diuretic
      B)Check urine specific gravity
      C)Measure blood glucose levels every 4 hr
      D)Initiate fluid restrictions
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
      A)Blood glucose level below 40 mg/dL
      B)Malignant hypertension
      C)Kussmaul breathing
      D)Fetor hepaticus
    4. A nurse caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has initiated the treatment plan. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances will the nurse be monitoring closely for this client?
      A)Hypocalcemia
      B)Hyponatremia
      C)Hypokalemia
      D)Hypomagnesemia
    Page 3 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a client who has thyrotoxicosis after taking high doses of levothyroxine. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
      A)Profuse sweating
      B)Dry skin
      C)Bradycardia
      D)Drowsiness
    2. A nurse is preparing to receive a client from the emergency department who is being treated for a blood glucose of 750 mg/dL. Which of the following laboratory findings would support the provider’s diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS)? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)HCO3 23 mEq/L
      B)Positive ketones in urine
      C)pH 7.43
      D)Serum osmolarity 330 mOsm/L
      E)pH 7.23
    3. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Fatigue
      B)Weight loss
      C)Photophobia
      D)Exophthalmos
    4. A nurse is teaching a class about preventive care to clients who are at risk for acquiring viral hepatitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the presentation?
      A)Avoid foods prepared with tap water
      B)Avoid covering sores with bandages
      C)Avoid eating meat
      D)Avoid handwashing after eating
    Page 4 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who has esophageal varices, is hypotensive after vomiting 800 mL of blood, and is still actively bleeding. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority?
      A)Administer 2 units of packed RBCs
      B)Administer propranolol as prescribed
      C)Position the client supine with legs elevated
      D)Decrease the rate of the IV fluids
    2. A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?
      A)Increased hunger
      B)Hypernatremia
      C)Hyponatremia
      D)Weight loss
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI) and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?
      A)A decrease in blood sugar
      B)A decrease in urine output
      C)A decrease in blood pressure
      D)A decrease in urine specific gravity
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of alcohol use disorder and reports bruising and frequent nosebleeds. The nurse should recognize that this client is manifesting which of the following conditions?
      A)Diabetes
      B)Pancreatitis
      C)Hepatitis A
      D)Cirrhosis
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