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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse assesses a client taking cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. Which finding is most concerning to the nurse?
      A)Occasional nausea after taking the medication
      B)Nontender lump in the right groin
      C)Bleeding of the gums while brushing the teeth
      D)Numbness and tingling of the feet
    2. The nurse assesses a client weighing 110 kg who had a left nephrectomy for stage 5 kidney trauma. Which assessment finding is most concerning?
      A)Blood pressure is 132/68.
      B)Incisional pain is reported as 9/10.
      C)Crackles in bibasilar lungs.
      D)Urine output is 50 mL for two hours.
    3. A nurse reviews the laboratory reports before health care provider rounds. The serum calcium level of a client with multiple myeloma is 14.6 mg/dL (9-10.5 mg/dL). Which treatment should the nurse anticipate?
      A)Starting oral calcium supplements
      B)Withholding fluids
      C)Administering intravenous fluids at 200 mL/hour
      D)Giving vitamin D supplements
    4. A client with a history of polycystic kidney disease is complaining of the worst headache of his life and has been vomiting, complaining of photosensitivity, and having difficulty speaking. The client is most likely exhibiting symptoms for which condition?
      A)Acoustic neuroma
      B)Ischemic stroke
      C)Ruptured cerebral aneurysm
      D)Migraine headaches
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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse prepares to administer heparin to be infused at 1000 units/hr. The heparin solution comes in 25.000 units in 250 mL D5W. How many mL/hr should the nurse set the IV pump? Round to the nearest whole number.
    2. A nurse plans care for a client scheduled for a percutaneous needle biopsy of the kidney. Which actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply.(SATA)
      A)Take vital signs every 6 hours immediately after the procedure
      B)Assess the urine for hematuria
      C)Assess the biopsy site when obtaining vital signs.
      D)Assess for foul smelling urine three days after the procedure
      E)Perform a pain assessment when obtaining vital signs
    3. A patient in the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury is experiencing polyuria. Which nursing intervention is essential during this phase?
      A)Administer diuretics as ordered.
      B)Restrict fluid intake to prevent overload.
      C)Monitor electrolytes closely for imbalances.
      D)increase protein intake to promote healing.
    4. The nurse is caring for a client who has rapidly progressing glomerular inflammation. The client's weight has increased, and urine output is steadily declining. Which action should the nurse prioritize in the plan of care?
      A)Monitor for Asterixis.
      B)Monitor for periorbital edema.
      C)Monitor the client's cardiopulmonary status.
      D)Monitor for pruritis
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    Exam Review

    1. A client with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) asks the nurse how to prevent complications associated with the disease. Which recommendations should the nurse make? (Select All that Apply.)(SATA)
      A)Take over-the-counter supplements to support kidney health.
      B)Exercise regularly, but avoid contact sports.
      C)Limit your fluid intake to prevent kidney overwork.
      D)Consume a high-sodium diet to ensure adequate electrolytes.
      E)Take Tolvaptan as prescribed
      F)Take aspirin daily to prevent blood clots in the kidneys.
      G)Maintain blood pressure control through diet and medications.
      H)Stay hydrated by drinking enough fluids.
      I)Avoid high-protein diets to protect kidney function.
    2. A nurse is reviewing the differences between acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome with a group of nursing students. Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Acute glomerulonephritis often follows a streptococcal infection.
      B)Hematuria is a hallmark sign of nephrotic syndrome.
      C)Nephrotic syndrome has a higher risk of thromboembolism due to hypercoagulability.
      D)Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia.
      E)Both conditions can result in edema.
    3. The nurse assesses a client receiving dialysis who is hypotensive with a blood pressure of 88/42 and complaining of dizziness and nausea. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
      A)Notify the healthcare provider as soon as possible.
      B)Decrease the volume of blood being removed from the client.
      C)Bolus the client 300 mL of 0.99% saline solution.
      D)Place the client in the reverse Trendelenburg position.
    4. The nurse prepares to teach a client with stage 3 chronic kidney disease to maintain adequate nutritional intake. Which diet should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)high-carbohydrate, high-protein
      B)low-protein, high-potassium
      C)low-protein, low-sodium, low-potassium
      D)high-calcium, high-potassium, high-protein
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client. Which findings at 1015 requires further action? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Urine color
      B)Low back pain
      C)Respiratory rate
      D)Blood pressure
      E)Oxygen saturation
    2. The nurse assesses a client with chronic kidney disease who receives erythropoietin injections. Which finding is most concerning to the nurse?
      A)Hemoglobin level is 8.9 g/dL. (females 12-16g/dL, males 14-18 g/dL)
      B)The client has a history of myocardial infarction.
      C)The client does not like subcutaneous injections.
      D)Blood pressure is 198/92 mm Hg.
    3. The nurse receives a prescription for gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day divided into three doses for a client weighing 264 lb. How many milligrams should the nurse administer for each dose? Round to the nearest whole number.
    4. A client with acute leukemia began combination chemotherapy yesterday. Today the nurse reviews the laboratory results: Exhibits Which condition should the nurse suspect?
      A)Septic shock.
      B)Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
      C)Tumor lysis syndrome.
      D)An anaphylactic reaction to chemotherapy.
    Page 4 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse assesses a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. Assessment findings reveal crackles on chest auscultation and distended neck veins. Which action should the nurse take?
      A)Stop the blood transfusion and infuse normal saline at the same rate.
      B)Assess the client's pupils
      C)Slow the transfusion.
      D)Document the finding in the medical record.
    2. A client with metastatic breast cancer reports new onset of mid-thoracic back pain that worsens when lying down. The client also states, "My legs feel weak today."
      A)Assess lower-extremity strength and sensation, monitor for loss of bowel and bladder function.
      B)Insert an IV and administer IV fluids.
      C)Call the health care provider.
      D)Place the head of the bed at 30 degrees and administer oxygen
    3. A nurse working on the transplant floor is discharging a kidney transplant recipient. Which statement demonstrates an understanding of the discharge teaching?
      A)"I should take ibuprofen or aspirin if I have a fever."
      B)"I can stop taking my immunosuppressant drugs when I begin to feel better."
      C)"I should have flank pain for 8 weeks postoperatively."
      D)"I should notify the physician immediately if I develop lower abdominal pain, fever, or weakness."
    4. The nurse prepares to teach a client with polycystic kidney disease about self-management. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.(SATA)
      A)Explain the importance of taking lisinopril to prevent chronic kidney disease
      B)Weigh weekly and record.
      C)Use dry heat to the flank to promote comfort
      D)Measure and record blood pressure daily
      E)Notify the provider for visual disturbances immediately
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