A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has persistent depressive disorder. When reinforcing education to the client about their illness, which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Persistent depressive disorder is a mild chronic form of depression."

"Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by delusions and hallucinations."

"Persistent depressive occurs shortly after taking or withdrawing from a substance."

"Persistent depressive is characterized by both manic and depressive episodes."