A nurse is caring for a laboring client who has reached the second stage of labor. Which nursing interventions are most appropriate during this stage? (Select All that Apply.)

Prepare for immediate delivery of the placenta

Limit vaginal examinations to reduce risk of infection during contractions

Provide emotional support and coaching to the client during pushing efforts

Assist the client into a position that maximizes comfort and fetal descent, such as semi-Fowler's or side-lying

Encourage the client to push with contractions using controlled breathing and effort

Monitor fetal heart rate every 15 minutes or more frequently if indicated