A nurse is conversing with a client who has a new diagnosis of gout. When the client asks the nurse how she got the disorder, the nurse should explain that gout develops when?

Deposits of uric acid crystals cause inflammation, pain, and redness in the affected joints.

Uric acid levels drop significantly below the normal reference range.

Tophi forms in the kidneys and impairs the excretion of uric acid.

Articular cartilage thins leading to splitting and fragmentation.