A nurse is educating the parents of a 3-year-old child who has autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following patterns of behavior should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Fixation on certain items or topics.

Frequent changes in routine.

Display of self-harming behaviors such as head-banging.

Spontaneous and unpredictable behaviors.

Adhering to a rigid routine.

Avoidance of repetitive activities.