A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of high school students about how penetrating traumatic brain injuries cause damage to the brain. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Damage occurs from the penetrating injury causing leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.

Damage occurs from the penetrating object shattering the skull and causing an infection.

Damage to the brain is related to the size, route, and rate of speed of the object entering the brain.

Damage to the brain is related to coup and contrecoup injuries.