A phlebotomist is preparing to collect a blood specimen from a patient who has self-reported needle phobia. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?

Encourage the patient to chew gum during the procedure.

Instruct the patient to lie supine during the procedure.

Place the patient's elbow joint at 90 degrees of flexion.

Warm the site for 10 minutes before venipuncture.