A week after recovering from strep throat, a child is diagnosed with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis in this context usually includes:

inflammatory changes in the glomeruli causes "leaky" glomerular capillaries.

an autoantibody attack to the renal artery, causing ischemia to the kidney glomerulus.

the pathological leaking of casts from the glomerular capillaries into the urine.

a substantial increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).