After experiencing uncontrolled hypertension for many years, a patient is newly diagnosed with left heart failure. What pathologic precipitant is responsible for the left heart failure?

increased systemic vascular resistance has weakened the heart muscle of the left ventricle.

decreased preload has caused a pathologic reduction in the cardiac output.

increased pulmonary vascular resistance has weakened the heart muscle of the left ventricle.

tricuspid valve stenosis has increased the backpressure against the left ventricle.