The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm.

Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from the abdomen.

Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds.

Draw air in through the nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips.