When assessing the pupillary light reflex or PERRL (pupils, round, reactive to light), the nurse should use which technique?

Shine a light across the pupil from the side, and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction.

Ask the patient to follow the penlight in eight directions, and observe for bilateral pupil constriction.

Shine a penlight from directly in front of the patient, and inspect for pupillary constriction.

Ask the patient to focus on a distant object. Then ask the patient to follow the penlight to approximately 7 cm from the nose.