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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is planning care for a patient with leukopenia caused by chemotherapy. Which nursing action best promotes a safe environment and minimizes the patient's risk of infection?
      A)Encourage the patient to eat fresh fruits and vegetables to boost immunity.
      B)Place the patient in a private room and restrict visitors with signs of illness.
      C)Allow the patient to share common equipment like blood pressure cuffs with other patients to save resources
      D)Avoid wearing masks when caring for the patient to promote comfort and communication
    2. A nurse is assisting with evaluating a newly licensed nurse drain an ileostomy bag for a client. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse Indicates an understanding of the procedure?
      A)Cleans the end of the ileostomy pouch before clamping it
      B)Empties the ileostomy bag when it is three-fourths full
      C)Wears sterile gloves to drain the ileostomy bag
      D)Washes the skin surrounding the client's ileostomy with hot water
    3. A patient undergoing chemotherapy after surgery develops thrombocytopenia. Which clinical finding should the nurse prioritize reporting to the healthcare provider?
      A)Slightly elevated temperature of 37.8°C without other symptoms
      B)Patient reports mild fatigue and weakness but no bleeding
      C)Presence of petechiae and mucosal bleeding (eg, bleeding gums)
      D)Platelet count decreased to 80.000/mm2 without any bleeding signs
    4. A patient asks if rectal suppositories can be used to assist with constipation problems with his colostomy. What should the nurse clarify regarding suppositories?
      A)They can be used in a stoma.
      B)They will not penetrate well enough to relieve constipation.
      C)They can be used in double-barreled colostomies.
      D)They should not ever be used in a colostomy.
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    Exam Review

    1. What should be considered when deciding placement of a stoma? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Stabilization from the abdominal rectus
      B)Good seal
      C)Proximity to the umbilicus (not too close to area)
      D)Ease of self-care
      E)Inoffensive appearance
    2. What should a nurse instruct the patient to do to ensure a good fit of the appliance to avoid leakage?
      A)Confirm that the pouch covers the entire abdomen.
      B)Place the pouch only when lying down.
      C)Confirm that the pouch fits tightly to the edges of the stoma
      D)Check pouch placement to ensure a firm seal.
    3. A nurse should assess a cancer patient's nutritional status by:
      A)Reviewing their medical history and medications
      B)Monitoring their blood pressure
      C)Checking their urine output
      D)Assessing their lung sounds
    4. A home health nurse is compiling a patient profile on a 23-year-old obese woman who smokes one-half pack of cigarettes a day and drinks 1 beer a week. She works as a cook in a long-term care facility. She has two children and eats a diet high in fats. She exercises 30 minutes a day. Both parents are dead of heart disease. How many risk factors for cancer in this profile should the nurse identify?
      A)6
      B)5
      C)3
      D)2
    Page 2 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. Which complaint should a nurse consider a warning sign for cancer?
      A)Diarrhea that lasts 2 days after an all-day picnic at the beach
      B)A painful lump under the umbilicus that recedes when pushed but comes out again with a sneeze or hard cough
      C)Persistent indigestion associated with difficulty swallowing
      D)Intense pain in an area such as a hip or groin after carrying several gallons of paint up a ladder and painting the garage
    2. A nurse is screening a client for cancer risk factors. The nurse records that the client is a 65-year-old male, clinically obese with a BMI of 31. has a history of past smoking, and drinks moderately. Which of the following is a primary risk factor for prostate cancer?
      A)History of smoking
      B)65 years old
      C)Moderate alcohol use
      D)Male sex
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who has suspected superficial spreading melanoma. When collecting data about the client's lesion, which of the following is an expected finding?
      A)Purplish in color
      B)Pain
      C)Purulent drainage
      D)Pruritus
    4. Realizing that chemotherapy can result in renal damage, the nurse should:
      A)Administer diuretics to increase urine output
      B)Monitor the client's kidney function regularly
      C)Encourage the client to drink large amounts of caffeinated beverages
      D)Administer nephrotoxic medications concurrently with chemotherapy
    Page 3 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is monitoring for stoma prolapse in a client with a colostomy. Which stoma observation should indicate that a prolapse has occurred?
      A)The stoma is moist and shiny
      B)The stoma is pink or red in color
      C)The stoma is flat and sunken
      D)The stoma is swollen and protruding
    2. The nurse is assisting with creating a plan of care for a client with pancytopenia as a result of chemotherapy. The nurse should suggest including which in the plan of care?(SATA)
      A)Encouraging physical activity
      B)Administering erythropoietin
      C)Administering colony-stimulating factors
      D)Monitoring for signs of infection
      E)Encouraging high-fiber foods
      F)Providing a low-sodium diet
    3. A nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who reports chest pain, dyspnea, facial redness, and swollen neck veins. After assessing these symptoms, which condition should the nurse prioritize preparing for?
      A)Pericarditis
      B)Pneumothorax
      C)Pulmonary embolism
      D)Superior vena cava syndrome
    4. A licensed practical nurse (LPN) notes a small area of swelling at the IV site of a patient receiving a vesicant chemotherapy agent. What is the nurse's priority action to prevent tissue damage?
      A)Immediately remove the IV catheter without withdrawing the solution.
      B)Administer an antidote through the same IV line before removing the catheter.
      C)Withdraw the solution from the IV catheter before removing it.
      D)Elevate the affected extremity and apply warm compresses before stopping the infusion
    Page 4 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. Invasive procedures are minimized in patients with:
      A)agranulocytosis
      B)leukopenia
      C)anemia
      D)thrombocytopenia
    2. A 47-year-old patient with a permanent colostomy reports some abdominal discomfort and rigidity 3 days after surgery. Which assessment should the nurse report and record?
      A)Stoma is protruding.
      B)Vital signs are temperature. 100° F. pulse. 92 beats/min; and blood pressure. 160/98 mm Hg.
      C)Pouch has drained 110 mL of green-brown liquid, oozing from the pouch edges.
      D)Stoma is swollen and red: small amount of blood is observed at the base.
    3. A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who has cancer and has started chemotherapy. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is undergoing chemotherapy. Which of the following findings indicates an improvement in the client's condition? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)white blood cell count
      B)Platelet count
      C)Bleeding episodes
      D)Oral health
      E)Weight change
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who recently started treatment for Stage I Hodgkin's lymphoma and describes the following to the nurse: "My arms and hands feel so tight and heavy. I can't put my ring on and I'm having trouble doing everyday things around the house because my fingers won't move normally." The nurse should understand that the client is experiencing which of the following complications associated with cancer and cancer treatments?
      A)Peripheral neuropathy
      B)Mucositis
      C)Lymphedema
      D)Fatigue
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