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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who is hyperventilating, reports lightheadedness and paresthesias, has blurred vision, and a new onset of confusion. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following imbalances?
      A)Metabolic acidosis
      B)Metabolic alkalosis
      C)Respiratory acidosis
      D)Respiratory alkalosis
    2. The failure of the lungs to adequately eliminate CO2 results in?
      A)Metabolic alkalosis
      B)Metabolic acidosis
      C)Respiratory acidosis
      D)Respiratory alkalosis
    3. The nurse is caring for a client with a critically high potassium level. The client has received sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). The nurse determines the medication's effectiveness if the client's repeat serum potassium level is:
      A)4.9 mEq/L
      B)5.5 mEq/L
      C)6.2 mEq/L
      D)5.8 meq/L
    4. Convert 101*F to Celsius
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has pneumonia and is experiencing acute respiratory acidosis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find?
      A)Circumoral numbness and tingling
      B)Muscle flaccidity
      C)Cool, clammy skin
      D)Decreased level of consciousness
    2. A nurse is caring for multiple clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for respiratory alkalosis?
      A)chest wall trauma with broken ribs
      B)excessive mechanical ventilation
      C)renal insufficiency
      D)overuse of antacids
    3. A nurse prepares to interpret the ABG values of a client diagnosed with an acid-base imbalance. Which values are most important for the nurse to consider? (Select 4 options that apply.)(SATA)
      A)PH
      B)PaCO2
      C)HCO3
      D)PaO2
      E)blood glucose
    4. A nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness and tingling of the hands and face. The client's vital signs are temperature 99.0 degrees F., blood pressure 142/86 mmHg, HR 110 bpm, and respiratory rate 32 breaths/min. Which blood pH value is the nurse most likely to find when evaluating this client's laboratory values?
      A)7.35
      B)7.45
      C)7.50
      D)7.40
    Page 2 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. Which laboratory data and clinical manifestations cause you to suspect your client may be experiencing acidosis?
      A)A serum potassium of 6.5 mEq/L and flaccid paralysis
      B)A serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (DTRS)
      C)A serum sodium of 144 mEq/L and tachycardia
      D)A serum sodium of 130 mEq/L and peripheral edema
    2. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Cool, moist skin
      B)Urine output 20 mL/hr
      C)Sodium 142 mEq/L
      D)Bradycardia
    3. A nurse is reviewing a client's admission laboratory findings that indicate the client has hyponatremia. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse also expect to be below the expected reference range?
      A)Chloride
      B)Calcium
      C)Potassium
      D)Magnesium
    4. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)Hypoactive bowel sounds
      B)Skeletal muscle weakness
      C)Tingling of the lips
      D)Decreased deep-tendon reflexes
    Page 3 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for four clients who have drainage tubes, The nurse should identify the client who has which of the following tubes as being at risk for hypokalemia?
      A)An indwelling urinary catheter to gravity drainage
      B)A chest tube to water-seal drainage
      C)ANG tube to suction
      D)A nephrostomy tube to a drainage bag
    2. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypocalcemia. For which of the following signs should the nurse monitor?
      A)Chvostek's sign
      B)Brudzinski's sign
      C)Cullen's sign
      D)Kernig's sign
    3. A nurse is preparing to administer 20mEq of potassium chloride IV, diluted in 500mL of 0.9% saline solution. The nurse plans to infuse the solution via a peripheral IV access, using tubing with a drop factor of 30gtts/mL, over 2 hours. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the IV pump to deliver? Record your answer as a whole number.
    4. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new prescription for spironolactone. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client?
      A)Hemoglobin
      B)Total cholesterol
      C)Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
      D)Potassium
    Page 4 of 5

    Exam Review

    1. Use Case Study to answer the following questions. Exhibits Which of the following assessment findings is most concerning in a patient with hypokalemia?
      A)Flattened T waves on ECG
      B)Muscle cramps
      C)Fatigue
      D)Decreased bowel sounds
    2. Use the scenario to guide your answer Exhibits What is the primary reason for electrolyte loss in a patient with an NG tube to suction?
      A)Increased urine output
      B)Loss of gastric secretions
      C)Decreased oral intake
      D)Fever
    3. Use Case Study to answer the following questions. Exhibits Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when administering IV potassium chloride?
      A)Mix with a dextrose solution only
      B)Administer as a rapid IV push
      C)Monitor for signs of hypernatremia
      D)Ensure the infusion diluted and given via an IV pump
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has dyspnea, crackles, and 3+ bilateral pitting pedal edema. Which of the following serum sodium levels should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume excess?
      A)167 mEq/L
      B)142 mEq/L
      C)136 mEq/L
      D)116 mEq/L
    Page 5 of 5